Impacts Of Small Business - 1008 Words

Small businesses, with large impacts. Many times when you hear the term small business, you think of a small business that doesnt have the impact on lives such as global retailers. But in fact, all of the small businesses in the United States make up to 60-80 percent of all U.S. jobs. Small businesses, really are what fuel our economy and what keep our head above water as an economy. Information gathered by Entrepreneur Magazine, reported that there is somewhere between 25-27 million small businesses in the United States. This has a huge impact on our nation because not only does it generate revenue and keep the cash flow in order, but it creates millions and millions of job opportunities throughout the entire country. Although the small†¦show more content†¦The three items that almost all small businesses strive for are financial independence, to encourage innovation, and to create employment opportunities for themselves and others. These business owners help other people a nd families by giving them jobs to help support themselves. Once you get a good start and get through the tough times when it comes to starting it up, you can then have free reign on your company. That is one of the biggest reasons for being self employed, and that is having the ability to free lance and be able to express your own ideas and creations however you please. There have been lots of set backs in America’s economy whether it’s from natural disasters to unexpected government expenditures. Small businesses have been the jump start for many companies, and these small business have put money in people’s pockets. This is starting to pull people from the middle class to rich or people who are poor to the middle class or even to being rich. Thus effecting the economy very much, enriching it as people have to buy supplies for their companies or wanting to finally buy this years new BMW. But the big one is investments in products or services. This is where people want to make a new product because there is a missing product or necessity on the market. These products â€Å"†¦enable access to goods and services that populations require in order to be productive† (Sappin). Millions of people have tried to start upShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Small To Medium Business1452 Words   |  6 PagesSmall to medium businesse s (SMB) currently represent a significant portion of the United States economy. In 2016 over one-third of the US population is employed by companies with less than 100 employees. Unfortunately, as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, nearly half of these entities fail within the first four years of operation. As a result, many SMBs are in search of a successful model to guide them beyond sustainability toward profitability. 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Pfeffer High Performance Practices Free Essays

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR HIGH PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Report for the CEO Goncalo Correia MIB28 The Trivalor Holding The Trivalor Holding, is a Portuguese group created more than 50 years ago by a Portuguese business man, having started with two companies in the Business Services segment, and evolving over time, securing a position as the biggest services group in Portugal, owning today 16 companies and employing at times over 11. 000 workers. The areas covered by the group are, social and public food services, emission and management of services tickets, commercialization and logistics of food products, industrial cleanings, uman and robotic security, transport of values, vending machines and archive management. We will write a custom essay sample on Pfeffer High Performance Practices or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main clients of the state are public administration, local city councils, hospitals, schools, and defense forces as well as prisons. Historically, the group, has always had an â€Å"employer friendly† policy, and is known for the fact of never having lay- ­? off one single worker following a â€Å"Japanese† style management. The majority of the technical and administrative workforce has worked there since the beginning of the company and there is a unity feeling that can be easily perceived amongst the workers. Nevertheless, from my point of iew, due to its size and age, it has created over the time some habits that fail to evolve from a top- ­? down to a integrative style management where workers are part of everyday decisions, fact which after reading this paper I believe could be substantially ameliorated contributing for an efficiency breakthrough needed by us to remain competitive. 2 Status Quo In an evolving business environment such as the one we live in nowadays, where there is a clear tendency of companies in the first world countries to walk towards a service driven economy, human resources are one if not the most important assets that a firm can have. This should not be ignored or by any means devalued by top management, that in order to retain its best individuals within the firm, must adapt, motivate and commit to people in all levels of work. In current times, polls show a high- ­? growing discontentment of people towards their professional careers. For this, workers lack motivation, not feeling aligned with the company goals, ultimately seeing the organization they work for as the â€Å"enemy†, facts that are responsible for the loss of Billions of dollars every year. Amongst the main reasons for this dissatisfaction, Pfeffer stresses out, issues like Company Trust, or in ther words how does the employee perceives to what degree the statements, relations and promises from the company are feasible and fulfilled in the future, Job Security, the prospects of maintaining their job position in the long term as well as the dependence on externalities such as economic downturns and crisis, or industry distresses; Work- ­Family relation, which is commonly perceived as a distributive issue, meaning that a person which is good in the family- ­? relations must necessary lack of commitment to their job, and finally Poor Job conditions and environment, when people don’t feel comfortable with the workplace s well as their professional relations. Historically, the firms that have soon understood this, and practice a high commitment tactics towards all its stakeholders, were able to profit on long periods of success, and ultimately guarantee financial wealth. Taking Advantage of an Integrative Management style As our company has been in the services and utilities business for decades, from my point of view, we have gained the habit of taking a more accommodated approach in the relation with our employees, failing sometimes to take advantages from some high commitment tactics, many of which could be put in practice with little pending and effort. Our group policy has been since the beginning to offer a work for life, offering a secure position as long as the co- ­? workers comply with what it is requested from them, what accordingly to Pfeffer and proven by our success of transforming a small company in the biggest group in the country inside our industry paid- ­? off in the long- ­? term. Nevertheless, I believe it is important to express that from my analysis of the article that you as CEO asked me to read we are still lacking off on issues like training and skill development, as our RD expenditure has been practically none over the last couple of ears. 3 I believe that by continuously training and investing in our co- ­? workers, through coaching programs, team building days, and more corporate events, more than just gaining the advantages of what they will learn and apply to our daily operations, we can make them getting involved with their work tasks what will bring a substantial increase in their performance. No wadays I believe our relationship between employees is above average but there is still a big power- ­? distance within Trivalor. This comes hand- ­? in- ­? hands with the decentralization of our daily decisions, which I believe some of these have the potential f being made from bottom- ­? up rather than following our historical rigid and traditional top- ­? down hierarchy model as in many cases it is the workers down the hierarchy chain have best knowledge of some the operational processes. Studies suggest that workers that feel their importance to the organization, and that are trusted with a great deal of information, tend to feel more involved, making better- ­? informed decisions about operational facts. Further, from an organizational behavior point of view, people tend to be concerned with affiliation within a group and the fact of feeling that they are part of something has lso a very positive effect in their performance. People do worry about their work relationships and about the other worker’s opinions on themselves. Reciprocity should be a central concept to bear in mind, defended by Pfeffer when managing the relations between an organization and its co- ­? workers. To me, even searching in common sense, my empirical experiences suggest that people work better under devotion than obligation, and workers often tend to be much more pro- ­? active giving valuable and balanced input and new ideas when they feel a inner rush to please their superiors and the organization, rather than working n a fear oriented regime, where individuals respond by impulses. Deepened by further research I must underline my belief that by uniting all the above factors, would constitute an important milestone in the process of achieving what Professor Michael Beer identified as the three main goals in the quest for success in management. First, Performance Alignment1, the designing of a winning strategy to achieve long- ­? term goals, (by training and coaching our employees). Second, a Psychological Alignment, providing to our co- ­? workers a mindset that fosters meaning of their task, challenging work, a pleasant work environment nd the capacity to make a difference (through offering more autonomy, respect and conditions) and finally Capacity for Learning Change, by making everyone from the lowest level to senior places feel like part of something- ­? our company. 1 High Commitment High Performance: How to Build A Resilient Organization for Sustained Advantage, Michael Beer Hardcover, August 2009 4 Implementation Challenges Analyzing our company, it is not hard to spot some of our pit- ­? falls when it comes to high performance management tactics. When reading the points described above you might end up asking yourself, if this analysis is not just resenting facts of good sense, and that the position defended by Pfeffer is obvious. But if this is true, why do we then fail to implement the suggested changes in our organization? The first reason that can come up to your head is cost. As I am aware, mainly due to externalities like the 2008 downturn crisis our group has been trying to cut costs, mainly changing processes (specially logistics) into a lean management style, and betting on credit recuperation, although opting always by not laying- ­? off co- ­? workers. This might seem stressful time to propose these kinds of structural changes to the shareholder, as we have een feeling pressure from upstream to retain costs. Nevertheless I would argue that even in the medium term, the results will be felt, and by implementing some of these changes would have a positive effect on our employees trust, representing a boost in the recuperation from last year hard times. Further, as our macro- ­? economic situation in Portugal is very unsure at the time, as our government is struggling to approve its deficit budget with the European Union, I believe that these measures could consolidate our firm’s image that no matter what, we keep our dynamic capabilities and do not stagnate our processes even in imes of economic downturn. This, not to mention the confidence passed to our co- ­? workers that currently face a confidence crisis triggered by the media alarmism. We must not fall in the trap of following our competitor’s measures in order to secure our market position. Also I believe that by having a single shareholder we are in a privileged position, as if we are able to expose and adopt these tactics, we do not suffer pressures from other shareholders that could eventually feel they are being putted second after the employees. Concluding, my last point resides on our company being a pioneer when it comes to rewarding ethods. It was in fact the first group in the country to implement the â€Å"American reward system†, knowledge acquired by our Shareholder in the beginning of his life still as a manager working in the U. S. Our system relies on meritocracy, and even at the lowest levels, let’s take for example a cook in one of our hospital canteen, can make up to 20% of her base salary if there is a compliance and dedication to schedules, attendance and customer satisfaction. Nevertheless, I believe that in addition to this, there could be offered an extra remuneration to the team as a whole including the cooks, the responsible of the canteen How to cite Pfeffer High Performance Practices, Papers

The Theory of Need by Henderson and its Relevance in Nursing

Question: Discuss about the Theory of Need by Henderson and its Relevance in Nursing Practice. Answer: Introduction Health care provision has rapidly changed globally; this rapid change has therefore created a demand for more inclusive and collaborative working environments (Clarke, 2014). The driving force has been the intent to keep pace with population pressures and meeting the complex care needs and expectations of the patients. In this view, researchers have developed a conceptual framework which then clarifies and gives an analysis of the different phenomena in nursing care. The nursing models can also be defined as a system of expectations, assumptions, theories, and concepts which support and inform research. Research has provided that the application of nursing models or theories into the practice of health varies from one context to the other. Starkweather (2016) denotes that this is important to note that addressing the needs of the patients is a very crucial element in the provision of quality care. This essay will, therefore, focus on explaining the context of the needs of patients as shown in Henderson need theory. Understanding of the theory will enable all nurses globally to promote the improvement of the standards of caring for the assessment of the patient needs and developing both analytical and thinking ability and skills. The essay will also provide an understanding of the impacts of the theory on nursing practices. In her context, Hendersonemphasized on the increasing patient's independence in health care as this will result in increased patient independence which in turn improves the progress of the patients after hospitalization (Henderson, Schoonbeek, and Auditore, 2013). The theory lays more emphasis on individual care which will then promote essential activities to recover or achieve a peaceful death. She has also categorized nursing activities into fourteen components. Under these categories, the first nine are physiological, and there are also psychological, sociological and spiritual to nursing occupation and recreation. Hendersons theory is seen as a logical approach to the problems or needs of the people. The theory process was suggested to comprise of; assessment process, nursing diagnose, outcome, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Nursing assessment can be defined as the ability to respond to patients worsening condition and is an essential component of pre-registration nurse education (Lynch, Viola, 2012). Hom et al. (2017) also shown that according to the American Nurses Association all nursing professionals are required to employ the use of systematic and dynamic means of collecting patients information and analyzing their data. Other studies also show that in most cases it is referred to as the first step in delivering health care. The collection of patients data does involve not only the collection of physiological data but also the psychological and socio-cultural, spiritual and economic factors as well. Such examination provides a detailed understanding of the needs of the patient for effective administration of effective health care management. According to Clarke (2014), nurses should adopt the use of the ABCDE approach when conducting their assessment and administering treatment to acutely ill patients in order to ensure that acute deterioration is identified and managed accordingly. The use of ABCDE entails the examination of the patients airway, the breathing symptoms, the air circulation, any disability incidences and the amount of exposure. The use of this approach in patients assessment helps in promoting a better understanding by the nurses, the importance of using a comprehensive framework to put more emphasize and enhance the delivery of high and quality patient-centered care The second Aspect of the need theory entails an emphasis on the nursing diagnoses as a very important process in administering quality patient-centered care. Lynch and Viola (2012) have shown that a nursing diagnosis is based on the assessment report which is then documented and used to examine the outcome of the analysis or the parents examination. Traditionally the nurses used handwritten narrative stories which research has found that were not consistent enough in documenting care plans (Rivera, Parris, 2012). Such lack of consistency was found to result in misunderstanding of the care performed hence making it more difficult for the nurses to ensure continuity and evaluate care across settings. Therefore research has advocated for a standardized nursing language which improves understanding and communication between the health care providers and the patients. The standardized nursing language also leads to expansion of nursing knowledge and enhances health information systems. It also facilitates cost evaluation of nursing services and thus leads to improved education and eventually results to increased comparability especially when one is measuring phenomena across individuals or across different settings (Malwela, Maputle, Lebese, 2015). Henderson was also of the view that, the measurement of outcomes relevant in any medical scenario was an important tool in understanding the needs of the patients and in administering appropriate care. It is believed that the measurement of outcomes helps in evaluating the quality of care increase the scope of knowledge and also plays an important role in determining the effectiveness of the necessary interventions which are directed towards improving the symptoms and quantity of life in clinical care. The planning of nursing care was also given much weight in Hendersons need theory. It requires that the client information should be organized around a medical diagnosis (Hung, 2015). Once the assessment is done, nursing diagnoses conducted and outcomes encoded then an appropriate nursing care plan should be adopted. The care should be focused on the reasons for nursing and in a holistic view of the client's or patient rather than basing a plan on a disease model (Taylor Wros, 2017). The need theory has gained support from other researchers in its attempt to employ the use of care based documentation. Research has provided that there is need to create a structure of patients care based documentation with the aim of bringing out patients view of his care. The care based documentation comprises of all the nursing processes of assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation an idea supported by Hendersons need theory. Such a cared based structure provides a logical structure for recording the patients needs and assessment outcomes in a systematic and purposeful way. It also acts as base for promoting the nursing profession through quality health care centered on patients needs and stimulates a friendly environment of understanding between the patients and health care providers (Krkkinen, O., Eriksson, K. (2014). The need theory also placed more emphasis on the implementation strategies or plans of health care. Starkweather (2010) has shown that the development of a clinical pathway implementation in health care provision enhances the medical quality offered by the nurses for care and also enhances patients satisfaction. It is argued that measuring the degree of patients satisfaction with the health care provided can help the hospital management in facilitating hospital service provision as well as increasing and maintaining the quality of services provided. Patients satisfactions achieved when the patient's expectations of the medical care are met, or the actual treatment is done to the patient is successful and also the fact that the results of the medical treatment received by the patient were positive (Yeh, Pai, Huang, 2015 and Burchill, 2015). The knowledge of the need theory is therefore very important as it enhances the scope of knowledge in the nursing career. Many scholars have researched on many other issues relating nursing practices to healthcare care but had not narrowed down to how meeting the specific needs of the patients may help in promoting the quality of health care provided (Kumar Antonenko, 2014). In the context of clinical learning, Wros (2013) denotes that it may be factored out as the acquisition of technical skills via the application of theoretical concepts to practice. Therefore, integration of theoretical knowledge is very important as it forms the basis of every school of thought (Parris, 2014). The theory provides knowledge and skills in nursing profession which becomes more evident during the clinical placements. Research has provided that the major factor that has been hindering the integration of theory to clinical practice is the existence of limited opportunities to acquire clinical experien ce (Malwela, Maputle, Lebese, 2015). The theory also plays an important role in the development framework for the nursing profession. Lastly, it adds more knowledge to the existing literature which eventually leads to increased efficiency in healthcare provision. Conclusion Nursing theory and its application to clinical practice vary from one context to the other. It is its applicability and ability to solve certain problems or closing certain knowledge gaps that make it unique and even more relevant if its findings are found to be relevant in addressing nursing needs. Its upon such basis I found Hendersons theory of need relevant to my nursing practice as it not only focuses on the provision of health care but also ensuring that the ultimate needs of the patient are addressed. By stressing and placing more emphasis on patients independence, the theory promotes sustainable health practices with will be based on a better understanding between the patients and the health care providers. References Clarke, C. (2014). Promoting the 6Cs of nursing in patient assessment.Nursing Standard, 28(44), 52-59. Lynch, M. P., Viola, S. R., (2012).Measuring Patient-Oriented Outcomes in Palliative Care: Functionality and Quality of Life.Clinical Journal Of Oncology Nursing, 12(1), 65-77. doi:10.1188/08.CJON.65-77. Burchill, C 2015, 'Exploration o f Nurse Practices and Attitudes Related to Postoperative Vital Signs',MEDSURG Nursing, 24, 4, pp. 249-255, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 2 May 2017. Hom, P, Lee, T, Shaw, J, Hausknecht, J 2017, 'One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research',Journal Of Applied Psychology, 102, 3, pp. 530-545, PsycARTICLES, EBSCOhost, viewed 2 May 2017. Henderson, A., Schoonbeek, S., Auditore, A. (2013). Processes To Engage And Motivate Staff. Nursing Management - UK, 20(8), 18-25. Hung, K. (2015).Effects of clinical pathway implementation on medical quality and patient satisfaction.Journa of Quality Management, 29(5/8), 83-91. doi:10.1080/14783363.2013.863529. Kumar, S. s., Antonenko, P. (2014). Connecting practice, theory and method: Supporting professional doctoral students in developing conceptual frameworks. Techtrends: Linking Research Practice To Improve Learning, 58(4), 54-61. Malwela, T., Maputle, M. S., Lebese, R. T. (2015). Implications for integration of theory with clinical practice: Views of student midwives on clinical practice. African Journal For Physical, Health Education, Recreation Dance, 691-701. Parris, K. M. (2014).Use of Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions in Public Health Nursing Practice.Nursing Diagnosis, 13(1), 15. Starkweather, A. (2010). Improving Patient-Centered Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice With Quality-of-Life Assessment. MEDSURG Nursing, 19(4), 224-232. Wros, P. (2013). Concept Mapping: A Nursing Model for Care Planning. Journal Of Nursing Education, 46(5), 211-216. Yeh, T., Pai, F., Huang, K. (2015).Effects of clinical pathway implementation on medical quality and patient satisfaction.Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 26(5/6), 583-601. doi:10.1080/14783363.2013.863529.